This ruling violatesthe rights of Indigenous Peoples, ILO Convention 169 and the laws of the country itself because community consultations do not require any regulation and must be carried out according to the mechanisms of the Indigenous Peoples. For the next 30 years, Guatemalas military governed the country, undoing all of Arbenzs reforms. This is because structural racism lies at the root of the inequality and social exclusion, as well as of the violations of the fundamental rights, of Indigenous Peoples. Guatemala recorded the lowest percentage of people fully vaccinated against Covid-19 in Latin America amid corruption allegations. Posted in Guatemala. First, they were sick with coughs, they suffered from nose bleeds and urinary infections. October 26, 2021 A Call to Action to Stop Repression against Q'eqchi Peoples in Guatemala En espaol On October 24, 2021, Guatemala's President Alejandro Giammattei declared a state of siege (martial law) in the town of El Estor, Izabal, in response to clashes between Indigenous Q'eqchi land defenders and the State police. All countries featured on our website can be found in the Indigenous World - IWGIA's global report on the rights of indigenous peoples. However, alternative reports indicate this number is actually closer to 60%, meaning a majority of the Guatemalan population is indigenous. They are independent of any government or organisation and serve in their individual capacity. One unfortunate loss was that of Mr. Reginaldo Chayax Huex, leader of the Maya Itz people in Petn department. Learn about how you can report a human rights violation. For example: the state invests USD0.4 per day in each Indigenous person and USD0.9 per day in each non-indigenous person;[1] poverty affects 75% of Indigenous people and 36% of non-indigenous people;[2] chronic malnutrition affects 58% of Indigenous people and 38% of non-indigenous people;[3] and, in terms of political participation, Indigenous individuals represent no more than 15% of parliamentarians and high-ranking public officials. The year 2020 began with newly-elected representatives to the Presidency, Congress and local councils, coinciding precisely with the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic. But because there are so many negatives, we can't go all in. In September, authorities and the Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation, a nongovernmental organization (NGO), began efforts to recover the bodies of at least 116 Indigenous children. Imperialism is as alive and kicking as that one raucous neighbor that is always throwing house parties and fighting with their girlfriend at 3AM. This article is part of the 35th edition of The Indigenous World, a yearly overview produced by IWGIA that serves to document and report on the developments Indigenous Peoples have experienced. The series will resume in November . MARTIN: Ratzan Pablo says the Maya have survived the Spanish conquest, a recent genocide and countless natural disasters. On June 18, Guatemalan exiles who were armed and trained by the CIA and U.S. Marine Corps officers invaded Guatemala. The diverse and beautiful country draws hundreds of thousands of tourists each year. to indigenous peoples' representatives, the true figure is closer to 60 per cent. The Mayan communities of Guatemala are among the world's most vulnerable when it comes to COVID-19 due to many factors, including their centuries-long marginalization by the country's ruling elite. Estamos viviendo entre escombros. [We are living in the ruins] Guatevisin, 10 January 2021. https://www.guatevision.com/nacionales/departamentos/estamos-viviendo-entre-escombros-a-mas-de-dos-meses-de-la-inundacion-en-campur-gobierno-aun-analiza-que-acciones-tomar, [17] Elas, Silvel. In 2015, he organised peaceful opposition to the Oxec hydroelectric project, which the communities said endangered their sacred Cahabn River. In clear demonstration of the prevailing structural racism, however, Indigenous organisations were excluded. Follow news related to the UN independent human rights experts on Twitter @UN_SPExperts. Get the latest from our news, events and meetings. Written on 11 May 2020. IWGIA - International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs - is a global human rights organisation dedicated to promoting, protecting and defending Indigenous Peoples rights. Guatemala placed 19th among the 22 countries of the region evaluated. They arrested many communist leaders and released over 600 political prisoners arrested under Arbenz. "Sadly, this is not an isolated case; too often in Guatemala those who defend land and the environment are considered criminals.". A law that threatens the right to defend human rights entered into force. The World Bank aims to promote indigenous peoples' development in a manner which ensures that the development process fosters full respect for the dignity, human rights, and uniqueness of indigenous peoples. While this recognizes the countrys indigenous communities and their rights, in reality, the government still fails to do this. In the past years, indigenous youth have been focusing on recovering the ancestral wisdom of their grandparents. Dozens of countries are backing an effort that would . A good example is the Rocj Pontil Project of the Hidro Energa S.A. company on Qeqchi territory in the Alta Verapaz department. I asked them about vaccines. Although the Political Constitution of the Republic of Guatemala recognises the existence of Indigenous Peoples and calls itself a multicultural society, and despite the fact that the country has ratified international agreements on the rights of Indigenous Peoples, in practice, the social, economic and political gap between the Indigenous and non-indigenous population is a wide one. The Strategy provides a roadmap to improve development outcomes by addressing the inequities historically suffered by Indigenous Peoples, while elevating their contributions and knowledge within society. In the 1970s and 1980s, the economic elite and the government supported counterinsurgency policies, called by the Catholic church-backed Commission for Historical Clarification (CEH) acts of genocide against the Mayan populations, who made up 83 percent of all victims of the war. The economic elite recuperated their influence and further organized to maintain their iron grip on Guatemalan society following the coup. Written on 24 April 2019. She says Guatalama's Maya have a long historical memory of diseases like smallpox and measles brought by the Spaniards, which wiped out so many Indigenous peoples in the Americas. Sadly, Guatemala's indigenous population faces higher rates of poverty, racism, and exclusion than non-indigenous Guatemalans. This data point has not been updated by the Guatemalan governments National Statistic Institute since. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Official data indicates that poverty affects 75% of Indigenous people and 36% of non-indigenous people; chronic malnutrition affects 58% of Indigenous people and 38% of non-indigenous people; and, in terms of political participation, Indigenous individuals represent no more than 15% of parliamentarians and high-ranking public officials. Both of these departments have high rates of migration. MARIA MARTIN, BYLINE: Mayan priestess Dolores Ratzan Pablo makes offerings of flowers, liquor and multicolored candles to the sacred fire. The Progressive Inc. publishes The Progressive magazine plus Progressive.org and Public Schools Advocate. All countries featured on our website can be found in the Indigenous World - IWGIA's global report on the rights of indigenous peoples. "Mr. Bernardo Caal Xl has been criminalised because he, on behalf of his community, took a case all the way to the Supreme Court to try to halt the Oxec hydroelectric project," the experts said. GUATEMALA 2021 Increased criminalization was used as a strategy to intimidate those working in the administration of justice. I cant find the information I need, can I talk to someone? Review of the burden of vision impairment and blindness and ocular disease occurrence in Indigenous Peoples of the Americas. Manuel Picahau gets his news from a local station. The Kich Indigenous organisation of the 48 Cantons of Totonicapn, the Xinca Peoples Parliament and the Indigenous Peoples of Solol led a further protest in the capital for the same reasons. In 1982, Efrain Rios Montt seized power following a military coup, and began his rule as a cruel dictator. These include: a denial of their right to control their own development based on their own values,. We systematically reviewed findings of the frequency of vision impairment and blindness and/or frequency of ocular findings in Indigenous groups. Amid more than 20,000 complaints of violence, few facilities are available for women to . Pionero Philanthropy Inc. is a s501(c)3Florida registered nonprofit EIN 37-1910514. OCLC 1006532841. The disregard for Indigenous communities is also seen in poverty rates. Cobn Prison, where he is held, is overcrowded, and has poor infrastructure, food and health services, the experts said. society demanded transparency and fairness in the use of public funds. Posted in Guatemala. Less than 10% of Guatemalas Congress members are indigenous, a relatively small percent considering the indigenous community makes up for almost half of the countrys inhabitants. There have also been no culturally-relevant communication programmes in native languages. In addition to strengthening the political participation of Indigenous People, USAID activities also support indigenous leaders to design sound development plans for their communities, improve health, water, and sanitation services in indigenous communities, and expand education and economic opportunities for indigenous youth. For the Indigenous communities, the pandemic has resulted in a re-evaluation of traditional medicine and of healthy eating based on native products and has reaffirmed the need to strengthen the bonds of solidarity and to defend their ancestral territories. Guatemala remained under Spanish rule until 1837, when a number of events including rage over indigenous land loss and a cholera pandemic led to riots. SANTANA: (Through interpreter) Well, nobody's perfect. With respect to health, employment, income, housing, and education, there is a great disparity between Indigenous Peoples and the rest of the population. #Standup4humanrights In addition, many of the lockdown measures were not evenly implemented. During his presidency, Arvalo made a number of positive changes for the country granting Guatemalan women the right to vote, allowing freedom of speech and reforming social security, healthcare, and education. The pandemic shone a light on the social exclusion and structural racism affecting Guatemalas Indigenous population, and severely affected their living conditions, exacerbating their poverty and food insecurity. Posted in Guatemala. Guatemalas civil war began in 1960. En espaol. - The New York Times. Without the work of these nonprofit organizations, the little help that these communities receive, would not be possible. UNIDENTIFIED REPORTER: (Speaking Spanish). The database search yielded 2829 citations, of which 2747 were excluded. VELASQUEZ NIMANTUJ: The problem with the government, being the president and the minister, is they don't care about Indigenous people. Of the five, only Rudy Alcala has been vaccinated. It was truly terrible the number of deaths that occurred at that time. [5] Martinez, Francisco Mauricio. Bernardo Caal Xl is a leader of the peaceful resistance of Cahabn, a collective of 38 Maya Q'eqchi' communities in the northern department of Alta Verapaz in northern Guatemala. To understand why Guatemalas Mayan population continues to face poverty, racism and exclusion, we need to look at Guatemalas history, starting back at the Spanish conquest. Domingo Choc was murdered in his own community, accused of practising witchcraft. One of the main struggles for Indigenous Peoples in Guatemala relates to political participation. In places like Santiago Atitlan and Santa Maria, Spanish isn't widely spoken, and many people are illiterate, without a television or computer, which is how the government was disseminating health information. In the first six months of 2019, there were 327 attacks on human rights defenders, including 12 murders, most of the victims were of indigneous origin. Regardless of the actual percentage that constitutes Guatemalas indigenous population, the Maya can be considered a minority when referring to a category of people who experience relative disadvantage as compared to members of a dominant social group (1). Guatemala City: On July 23, 2021 the International Indian Treaty Council will participate in the opening event for two offices in Guatemala, hosted by the Mayan Kaqchikel University in Santo Domingo Xenacoj in the department of Sacatepquez. [Guatemala suffering 61% multidimensional poverty] El Economista, 26 November 2019. https://www.eleconomista.net/actualidad/Guatemala-afronta-una-pobreza-multidimensional-del-61-20191126-0028.html, [7] Montepeque, Ferdy. The Special Procedures, the largest body of independent experts in the UN human rights system, is the general name for the Council's independent investigative and monitoring mechanisms that deal with specific country situations or thematic issues in all parts of the world. The problems plaguing Guatemala today are immense. At the time of this study, only one English-language paper (Duffy, 2008) was found on the causes of IPV in Guatemala.Duffy (2008) identifies alcohol consumption, poverty, traditional female gender norms, and a lack of access to education as contributing to . Despite the severe impacts of the pandemic, the Indigenous Peoples have been resilient, mobilising their traditional knowledge and practices for the prevention and treatment of disease in the face of delayed and insufficient government assistance. RATZAN PABLO: Hibiscus, ginger, garlic, cinnamon and honey - they bring the fever down - yeah, and eucalyptus. Mr. Caal Xl has filed an appeal before the Supreme Court to present his arguments, including three amicus curiae briefs, which was finally heard on 21 June after many delays. As a result, poverty and food insecurity have increased and the greatest effects will be felt in the immediate future. An indigenous woman in Guatemala is more likely than all her fellow citizens to be sick, illiterate, poor and overwhelmed by too many unplanned children. Statement by Mr. Ivan imonovi, Assistant Secretary-General for Human Rights at the special event at the 57th session of the Commission on the Status of Women on Obligations and Practical Measures to Support Women Human Rights Defenders, 12 March 2013, UN Headquarters, New York, Intervention of the Special Rapporteur at the Thematic Debate of the General Assembly "Water, Sanitation and Sustainable Energy In the Post-2015 Development Agenda", National institutions and regional mechanisms, Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples, Working Group on business and human rights, Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal government site. . Addressing the development priorities of these populations will improve public services, promote economic opportunities through private sector engagement, and increase security, all of which will reduce illegal immigration. The site is secure. Voting was scheduled to start at 8:30 a.m. (0730 GMT) in Nigeria's presidential and parliamentary election, though Reuters reporters in several locations across the country saw polling stations. UN Women Guatemala's Program is aligned with UN Women's Global Strategic Plan 2014-2017 and UNDAF Guatemala 2015-2019, as well as the legal and public policy framework for Guatemala, especially the National Policy for the Promotion and Comprehensive Development of Women - PNPDIM 2008 - 2023 - National Development Plan K'atun: Our Guatemala 2032. Women are underrepresented in politics, though small women's rights groups, mainly those working on addressing violence against women, have some visibility in the political sphere. During these years of growth, specifically under dictator Jorge Ubico, local autonomy was also reduced, especially in indigenous communities. Abelino Zacarias, who filed an injunction against the project, mysteriously disappeared. Special Procedures experts work on a voluntary basis; they are not UN staff and do not receive a salary for their work. For five centuries, a systematic attack has persisted, in a bid to bring an end to the creation, conservation and transmission of the knowledge of native peoples. Learn more about each topic, see who's involved, and find the latest news, reports, events and more. In the face of this adversity, the Colectivo Artesana promotes public policies that protect the human rights of Indigenous female prisoners. NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. Guatemalas government does not recognize this disadvantage and indigenous people who stand up for their rights, often get threatened or murdered. The few hospitals and health centres operational were already on their knees before the pandemic and, although the government boasted of its investment in their improvement, in reality this related only to a few temporary centres with makeshift equipment that did not live up to the needs of the situation. Posted in Guatemala. And behold, during the 25th year (1520) the plague appeared, oh my children! But while the economy has grown during the pandemic, so have levels of poverty. Rural Indigenous communities are those that suffer the worst, available data shows. The then-leader of the country, Rafael Carrera, began to rule as a dictator, later declaring Guatemala a sovereign republic in 1847. [13] The government suppressed these protests, resulting in deaths, injuries and arrests. 2022 The Progressive Inc. 931 E. Main Street, Suite 10 Madison, Wisconsin 53703 (608) 257-4626, The Other Americans: Guatemalas Indigenous Communities Are Still Fighting for Their Rights. Pueblos indgenas, los ms vulnerables ante el COVID-19. [Indigenous Peoples most vulnerable to COVID-19]. Although the Government of Guatemala has adopted the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the countrys indigenous peoples continue to face a number of challenges. Background Health inequalities disproportionally affect indigenous people in Guatemala. Quej, an indigenous Poqomch community in San Cristbal Verapaz, Alta Verapaz department, suffered a landslide that resulted in the deaths of nearly 50 people, with at least 100 more missing. Although the Government of Guatemala has adopted the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the countrys indigenous peoples continue to face a number of challenges. Sign-up for our free weekly e-mail newsletter. Posted in Guatemala. A year ago, as one of his first acts in office, President Alejandro Giammattei slashed the budget of the so-called. Guatema Por Cesar Gomez (Maya Pocomam, CS Staff) On June 9-10, 2021, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights heard the historic case of Indigenous Maya Kaqchikel Peoples of Sumpango vs. Guatemala.This hearing comes after decades of activism by Indigenous community radio stations in Guatemala fighting for their freedom to exist and broadcast information in Indigenous languages to their . 1945-, Healey, Joseph F. (2018-03-02). They reach a certain age and know that they have to leave, Colom says. The prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) and MG antimicrobial resistance (AMR) appear to be high internationally, however, prevalence data remain lacking globally. There's a Global Plan to Conserve Nature. The State has always been absent, Alejandra Colom, an anthropology professor at the Guatemalan Del Valle University, tells The Progressive. There were several peaceful demonstrations in November 2020 across the country protesting at the abuse of power, corruption, discrimination against Indigenous Peoples, and the lack of government attention to the pandemic, along with the alleged approval of an unrealistic budget for the country. This largely comprises native plants found on the ancestral territories, both in backyard gardens and in natural areas protected by the communities. The .gov means its official. Injustice regarding the validity of ancestral knowledge has been one of the many racist practices established by the colony. According to the 2015 study by the Central American Institute of Fiscal Studies, the Guatemalan state invested forty-five cents in Indigenous communities for every dollar the State invested in non-Indigenous communities. Amid the increase in poverty, malnutrition among children has exploded, registering more than 20,000 cases in 2021. ALEJANDRO GIAMMATTEI: (Through interpreter) If people don't want to get vaccinated, fine. indigenous people accounted for more . Indigenous Peoples' strategies for dealing with the pandemic Despite the severe impacts of the pandemic, the Indigenous Peoples have been resilient, mobilising their traditional knowledge and practices for the prevention and treatment of disease in the face of delayed and insufficient government assistance. Several communities have demanded that the state commence a broad discussion to draft a water act, but they have yet to be met. Similarly, the departments and municipalities with the highest rates of returned adult migrants have predominantly indigenous populations. Imperialism has, unfortunately, changed it's guise over the past 50 or so years. ISBN 9781506346946. friends of george cardenas; how does kaleidoscope work; And this is frustrating not to feel the support of people and especially of our leaders. "Dikos Nitsaag-19" or COVID-19 has threatened the lives of people of color and Indigenous communities at a higher rate. For example: the state invests USD0.4 per day in each Indigenous person and USD0.9 per day in each non-indigenous person;[1] poverty affects 75% of Indigenous people and 36% of non-indigenous people;[2] chronic malnutrition affects 58% of Indigenous people and 38% of non-indigenous people;[3] and, in terms of political participation, Indigenous individuals represent no more than 15% of parliamentarians and high-ranking public officials. The government has done little to introduce necessary, and long overdue, reforms. MARTIN: As this newscast reported, in early October, a brigade of public health workers visiting a Q'eqchi' Maya village was attacked by people, who also destroyed their vials of vaccines. MARTIN: Fifty-four-year-old Jose Santana says he finds it hard to trust anything coming from the Guatemalan government, especially from the president. Arbenz focused heavily on agrarian reform, passing a law in 1952 in attempts to give agricultural land from large property owners to landless indigenous workers. 4 out of 5 indigenous people live in poverty, and 21.8% of the indigenous community is affected by extreme poverty compared to 7.4% of the non-indigenous population. These actions made Arvalo very popular among Guatemalas general population, but caused discontent among the elite who tried to overthrow him 20 times. Productores de verduras bloquean Los Encuentros a pesar del confinamiento por el coronavirus [Vegetable producers block Los Encuentros in spite of coronavirus lockdown] Prensa Libre, 15 May 2020. https://www.prensalibre.com/ciudades/solola/giammattei-responde-a-campesinos-que-bloquearon-los-encuentros-a-pesar-del-confinamiento-por-el-coronavirus-breaking/, [9] Indgenas cierran caminos en Guatemala para exigir la renuncia del presidente. [Indigenous peoples close roads in Guatemala to demand President's resignation] Infobae, 9 December 2020. https://www.infobae.com/america/agencias/2020/12/10/indigenas-cierran-caminos-en-guatemala-para-exigir-renuncia-del-presidente, [10] Vega, Juan Manuel. The electoral system isdefined by exclusionof Indigenous Peoples, and they primarily participate as voters, rather than as candidates with true possibilities of being elected. While he did not succeed in ending the civil war, he did play an important role in the Central-American Peace Accord of 1987 which helped lay a foundation to the end of the war. A group of Guatemalans saw violence as the only way for change and in 1960, a rebellion confronted the government. A newly unsealed federal criminal indictment also describes how MS-13 gang leaders negotiated with El Salvador's top jailer, Osiris Luna Meza, who now oversees Nayib Bukele's new mega-prison. In November 2018, he was sentenced to seven years and four months in prison despite a lack of evidence against him and irregularities in the prosecution, the experts said. The new generations understand it very well. Others try to flee the country to find economic and educational opportunities they simply cant obtain in Guatemala. The rights of indigenous people to make decisions about their cultural heritage and traditional way of life is being recognized in a United Nations photo exhibition. And within Guatemala, rural and Indigenous communities are feeling it the hardest. IWGIA's global report, the Indigenous World, provides an update of the current situation for Indigenous Peoples worldwide. Amidst pervasive racism, wealthy foreigners in Guatemala oversaw land thefts, decades of brutal dictatorships, coup dtats, and a thirty-six-year-long internal armed conflict (1960-1996) which killed 200,000 people, displaced one million, and left 45,000 people missing or disappeared. The structural inequalities that have plagued Guatemalas Indigenous communities have remained. During this time, Guatemalas economy grew substantially primarily as a result of the export of coffee and bananas. What remains to be understood from the perspective of migration is that in many places in Guatemala, it is not that the State has abandoned themit is that the State has never been. As of June 2020, 62 percent of returned unaccompanied migrant children (UAC) self-identified as indigenous. But just don't ask the government to invest one filthy cent on that population. USAID/Guatemala works to increase awareness, knowledge and recognition of Indigenous Peoples rights, culture, history, and knowledge systems. Guatemala. So as long as they have their corn and bean fields, she says, their natural medicines and their connection to nature they'll survive." In 2016, 34 years after committing the crimes, a group of army officers were sentenced to 120 and 240 years of imprisonment for raping15 Maya Qeqchi women andforce them into sexual slavery. [4] Memorial de Solol Anales de los Cakchiqueles. Direct translation from the original and notes by Adrin Recinos. A lock () or https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. Although the indigenous in Guatemala are creating their own solutions, using traditional knowledge and practices to contain COVID-19, the Guatemalan government must treat its indigenous population equally and include those who have been historically excluded by implementing strategies and operations to prevent and contain COVID-19 as well as MANUEL PICAHAU: (Through interpreter) Watch a cable station that plays a lot of news from the United States, and there are a lot of people there getting sick because of the vaccine. September 15 marks 200 years since the Central American countries of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica gained independence from Spain. [8], In the midst of the pandemic, in an act not seen since the end of the civil war, the President of the Republic, Alejandro Gammattei, publicly humiliated the Indigenous mayor of the Kaqchikel people of Comalapa, Chimaltenango. Written on 25 November 2020. In the city of Solol, Indigenous people blocked the Inter-American highway in protest at the government's restriction on the transportation of local products while large companies were exempt. Cobn Prison, where he is held, is they do n't ask the government done!, see who 's involved, and has poor infrastructure, food and health services, the help. Form and may be updated or revised in the ruins ] Guatevisin, 10 January 2021. https //www.eleconomista.net/actualidad/Guatemala-afronta-una-pobreza-multidimensional-del-61-20191126-0028.html... 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