Originally held to break up the long nights of winter and mark the end of Yule, the festival has become one celebrating the isles' heritage and includes a procession of men dressed as Vikings and the burning of a replica longship. (Voz inglesa.) In the 2011 census, Shetland registered a higher proportion of people with no religion than the Scottish average. [70][71], The trade with the North German towns lasted until the 1707 Act of Union, when high salt duties prevented the German merchants from trading with Shetland. Da giovedì 15 marzo alle. The Parish is part of the Diocese of Aberdeen. The project is run by the Unst Partnership, the local community's development trust. Shetland mouse-ear (Cerastium nigrescens) is an endemic flowering plant found only in Shetland. The Shetland Isles consist of around 100 islands of which up to 30 are inhabited by people. [190][191] Others are the Shetland Sheepdog or "Sheltie", the endangered Shetland cattle [192] and Shetland goose [193][194] and the Shetland sheep which is believed to have originated prior to 1000 AD. Il principale aeroporto delle Shetland è il Sumburgh Airport, vicino a Sumburgh Head, circa 40 km a sud di Lerwick. Morgan, Gavin (19 April 2008) "Shetland author wins acclaim", Scott, W.; Harvey P.; Riddington R.; and Fisher, M. (2002). Crofting, the farming of small plots of land on a legally restricted tenancy basis, is still practised and is viewed as a key Shetland tradition as well as an important source of income. However, British rule came at price for many ordinary people as well as traders. Michael Powell made The Edge of the World in 1937, a dramatisation based on the true story of the evacuation of the last 36 inhabitants of the remote island of St Kilda on 29 August 1930. The BBC One television series Shetland, a crime drama, is set in the islands and is based on the book series by Ann Cleeves. [111], Sumburgh Airport, the main airport in Shetland, is located close to Sumburgh Head, 40 km (25 mi) south of Lerwick. This was an apparently peaceful transition and there is little evidence of religious intolerance in Shetland's recorded history.[129]. [4] Un tempo il nome era scritto Zetland, e nell'antichità le isole erano chiamate Hjaltland. The islands were described as "beautiful and rewarding" and the Shetlanders as "a fiercely independent and self-reliant bunch". Quando la Scozia divenne parte del Regno di Gran Bretagna nel 1707, i commerci con l'Europa settentrionale diminuirono, ma la pesca continuò a rivestire un ruolo fondamentale nell'economia fino al giorno d'oggi. The general character of the climate is windy and cloudy with at least 2 mm (0.08 in) of rain falling on more than 250 days a year. The geographical isolation and recent glacial history of Shetland have resulted in a depleted mammalian fauna and the brown rat and house mouse are two of only three species of rodent present in the islands. The airport closed on 30 June 2020. [115], Public bus services are operated in Mainland, Whalsay, Burra, Unst and Yell. [109][110] There are plans for road tunnels to some of the islands, especially Bressay and Whalsay; however, it is hard to convince the mainland government to finance them. By the late 19th century 90% of all Shetland was owned by just 32 people, and between 1861 and 1881 more than 8,000 Shetlanders emigrated. It is part of the Northern European short-tailed sheep group, and it is closely related to the extinct Scottish Dunface.Shetlands are classified as a landrace or "unimproved" breed. [123][124], Shetland is also home to the North Atlantic Fisheries College, the Centre for Nordic Studies and Shetland College, which are all associated with the University of the Highlands and Islands.[125][126]. The Methodist Church has a relatively high membership in Shetland, which is a District of the Methodist Church (with the rest of Scotland comprising a separate District). If you refuse, I'll have you killed on the spot and I swear I will ravage every island with fire and steel". Walter Scott's 1822 novel The Pirate is set in "a remote part of Shetland", and was inspired by his 1814 visit to the islands. Il petrolio estratto viene scaricato al terminal di Sullom Voe nelle Shetland. [13] Nell'era post-glaciale, circa nel 8150 avanti Cristo, le isole furono colpite da tsunami alti fino a 20 metri causati dalla frana di Storegga, un'immensa valanga sottomarina al largo delle coste norvegesi. It was first recorded in 1837 by botanist Thomas Edmondston. [82], The population stood at 17,814 in 1961. L'isola comprende l'unico burgh delle Shetland, Lerwick , ed è il centro dei trasporti via traghetto e via aerea. As the money was never paid, the connection with the Crown of Scotland became permanent. In total, Shetland lost more than 500 men, a higher proportion than any other part of Britain, and there were further waves of emigration in the 1920s and 1930s. The Hansa would buy shiploads of salted fish, wool and butter, and import salt, cloth, beer and other goods. Le isole hanno dato i natali a una grande varietà di scrittori di prosa e poesia, molti dei quali utilizzano il dialetto locale. * * * shetland (ingl. During this period 120 men were taken from Fetlar alone, and only 20 of them returned home. Le Outer Skerries hanno due isole abitate: Shetland Islands Council (2010) pp. [1] Lerwick, the capital and largest settlement, has a population of around 7,500 and about half of the archipelago's total population of 22,000 people live within 16 kilometres (10 mi) of the town. sustantivo masculino TEXTIL Paño fabricado con la lana de las ovejas escocesas. Successivamente, la grafia venne uniformata alla pronuncia ormai comune del nome delle isole, e divenne quella attuale. Thomas Fraser was a country musician who never released a commercial recording during his life, but whose work has become popular more than 20 years after his death in 1978. East and West Burra, Muckle Roe, Papa Stour, Trondra and Vaila are smaller islands to the west of Mainland. [5], Scalloway, sulla costa ovest, fu la capitale fino al 1708, e ha una popolazione di meno di 1.000 persone. The islands were very badly hit by the potato famine of 1846 and the government introduced a Relief Plan for the islands under the command of Captain Robert Craigie of the Royal Navy who stayed in Lerwick to oversee the project 1847-1852. [17][98][99], Knitwear is important both to the economy and culture of Shetland, and the Fair Isle design is well known. The Screenplay film festival takes place annually in Mareel, a cinema, music and education venue. [127] Seasons take place during summer. [8][9][10] La posizione delle Shetland implica diversi primati: Muness è il castello più settentrionale del Regno Unito, e Skaw risulta essere l'insediamento abitato più a nord. For the independent farmers of Shetland this had negative consequences, as they now had to fish for these merchant-lairds. [18] Il periodo senza ghiacci può accorciarsi fino a tre mesi. [73], Population increased to a maximum of 31,670 in 1861. Le isole Shetland (/ˈʃɛtlənd/; dall'antico scots Ȝetland, in inglese e Scots Shetland Islands, in gaelico scozzese Inse Shealtainn, in norn Hjaltland) sono un arcipelago sub-artico della Scozia che sorge a nord-est dell'isola della Gran Bretagna e costituisce parte del Regno Unito.. [18][19][20] Shetland's location means that it provides a number of such records: Muness is the most northerly castle in the United Kingdom and Skaw the most northerly settlement. [53], Vikings then used the islands as a base for pirate expeditions to Norway and the coasts of mainland Scotland. The Shetland is a small, wool-producing breed of sheep originating in the Shetland Isles, Scotland but is now also kept in many other parts of the world. Shetland è una serie televisiva britannica prodotta da ITV per la BBC, trasmessa dal 10 marzo 2013 su BBC One e basata sui personaggi creati da Ann Cleeves.. [15], Shetland is around 170 km (106 mi) north of mainland Scotland and 350 km (217 mi) west of Bergen, Norway. [45] This includes a smithy, a cluster of wheelhouses and a later broch. The 10th Cruiser Squadron was stationed at Swarbacks Minn (the stretch of water to the south of Muckle Roe), and during a single year from March 1917 more than 4,500 ships sailed from Lerwick as part of an escorted convoy system. The local authority, Shetland Islands Council, is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. [161], Vagaland, who grew up in Walls, was arguably Shetland's finest poet of the 20th century. Noble, Gordon; Poller, Tessa & Verrill, Lucy; (2008), This page was last edited on 10 January 2021, at 17:50. [25], Shetland has a national scenic area which, unusually, includes a number of discrete locations: Fair Isle, Foula, South West Mainland (including the Scalloway Islands), Muckle Roe, Esha Ness, Fethaland and Herma Ness. Lo Shetland è un filato di lana che ha queste caratteristiche e si ricava appunto dalle pecore di razza Shetland. 16-17, Shetland Islands Council, (2010), pp. [60][61][62], In the 14th century, Orkney and Shetland remained a Norwegian possession, but Scottish influence was growing. Svetlana Alliluyeva was born on 28 February 1926. The latter commenced the building of Scalloway Castle, but after his imprisonment in 1609, the Crown annexed Orkney and Shetland again until 1643, when Charles I granted them to William Douglas, 7th Earl of Morton. Vi era inoltre la possibilità di essere catturati mentre compivano la loro missione sulla costa norvegese. Shetland then went into an economic depression, as the local traders were not as skilled in trading salted fish. (Voz inglesa.) The East Shetland Basin is one of Europe's largest oil fields and as a result of the oil revenue and the cultural links with Norway, a small Home Rule movement developed briefly to recast the constitutional position of Shetland. There are a further 81 SSSIs, which cover 66% or more of the land surfaces of Fair Isle, Papa Stour, Fetlar, Noss and Foula. It made over 200 trips across the sea, and Leif Larsen, the most highly decorated allied naval officer of the war, made 52 of them. [16], Scalloway on the west coast, which was the capital until 1708, has a population of less than 1,000. [105] In 2009, the most popular visitor attractions were the Shetland Museum, the RSPB reserve at Sumburgh Head, Bonhoga Gallery at Weisdale Mill and Jarlshof. lana shetland Non tutti, anche se sono veramente tanti, amano la lana morbida e soffice come può essere la merinos, ma prediligono una mano più secca e ruvida. [33] The frost-free period may be as little as three months. La agricultura se basa principalmente en la cría de ovejas Shetland, conocidas por su finísima lana. [39][46] Heel-shaped cairns, are a style of chambered cairn unique to Shetland, with a particularly large example in Vementry. The islands lie some 80 km (50 mi) to the northeast of Orkney, 170 km (110 mi) from Scotland and 300 km (190 mi) west of Norway. The main island of the group is known as Mainland. Loganair operates flights to other parts of Scotland up to ten times a day, the destinations being Kirkwall, Aberdeen, Inverness, Glasgow and Edinburgh. Tuttavia, l'eredità del Norn resta nella grammatica e in un certo numero di parole, rendendo il dialetto delle isole Shetland peculiare e distinto dall'inglese parlato in Scozia. L'isola più estesa, conosciuta semplicemente come Mainland, ha un'area di 967 km², il che la rende la terza isola maggiore della Scozia[3] e la quinta maggiore delle isole britanniche; oltre a Mainland, altre 15 isole sono abitate. ; pronunc. La maggior parte delle isole ha un proprio nome norrenico, sebbene l'origine di essi sia oscura e potrebbe essere pre-norrenica, probabilmente pittica o pre-celtica. [154] Notable exponents of Shetland folk music include Aly Bain, Jenna Reid, Fiddlers' Bid, and the late Tom Anderson and Peerie Willie Johnson. After describing the discovery and conquest of Orkney, he wrote that the Roman fleet had seen "Thule, too". ; pronunc. . Thule is first mentioned by, As with all western dialects of Norse, the stressed. Le glaciazioni del Pleistocene coprono interamente le isole; durante questo periodo, le Stanes of Stofast, un masso erratico di 2000 tonnellate, raggiunse la sua posizione attuale sulla cima di una collina a Lunnasting. Shetland is served by a weekly local newspaper, The Shetland Times and the online Shetland News [102] with radio service being provided by BBC Radio Shetland and the commercial radio station SIBC. The Øyskjeggs ("Island Beardies") sailed for Norway but were beaten in the Battle of Florvåg near Bergen. In Italia, la serie va in onda dal 15 marzo 2018 su Giallo.. Douglas Henshall ha vinto il BAFTA Scotland 2016 come miglior attore televisivo, inoltre la serie ha ricevuto il premio per la migliore serie televisiva drammatica. Esempi d'uso: Da anni sogno di trascorrere una vacanza alle isole Shetland. L'etichettatura tessile è l'insieme delle indicazioni che obbligatoriamente per legge devono apparire su apposita etichetta su ogni capo di abbigliamento ed ogni prodotto tessile messo in commercio. [Note 4], The uninhabited islands include Mousa, known for the Broch of Mousa, the finest preserved example in the world of an Iron Age broch; Noss to the east of Bressay, which has been a national nature reserve since 1955; St Ninian's Isle, connected to Mainland by the largest active tombolo in the United Kingdom; and Out Stack, the northernmost point of the British Isles. [12] Gran parte dell'economia delle Shetland dipende dai sedimenti ricchi di petrolio nei mari circostanti. The islands' administrative centre and only burgh is Lerwick, which has been the capital of Shetland since taking over from Scalloway in 1708. Maggiore importanza hanno l'allevamento e la pesca. Shetland Atlante delle razze Ovine - Razze di pecore Origine e diffusione. 1874. [48] In 2011, the collective site, "The Crucible of Iron Age Shetland", including Broch of Mousa, Old Scatness and Jarlshof, joined the UKs "Tentative List" of World Heritage Sites. [175][176][177][178] Listed marine algae include: Polysiphonia fibrillosa (Dillwyn) Sprengel, Polysiphonia atlantica Kapraun and J.Norris, Polysiphonia brodiaei (Dillwyn) Sprengel, Polysiphonia elongata (Hudson) Sprengel, Polysiphonia elongella, Harvey [179] The Shetland Monkeyflower is unique to Shetland and is a mutation of the Monkeyflower (mimulus guttatus) introduced to Shetland in the 19th century. [106] Geopark Shetland (now Shetland UNESCO Global Geopark) was established by the Amenity Trust in 2009 to boost sustainable tourism to the islands. [116], The archipelago is exposed to wind and tide, and there are numerous sites of wrecked ships. [149], The Norn language was a form of Old Norse spoken in the Northern Isles, and continued to be spoken until the 19th century. Inizialmente si trattò di un gran numero di piccole barche da pesca, ma in seguito si aggiunsero tre caccia-sottomarini di fabbricazione statunitense: il Vigra, l'Hitra e l'Hessa. L'antico nome dell'attuale Shetland è Hetlandensis, attestato nel 1190, che diventa Hetland nel 1431 dopo varie trasformazioni intermedie. It is the northernmost part of Scotland and the wider United Kingdom. voci di isole del Regno Unito presenti su Wikipedia Mainland è la principale isola delle Shetland , l' arcipelago a nord della Scozia . [94] The plan met with significant opposition within the islands, primarily resulting from the anticipated visual impact of the development. Quando l'uso della lettera yogh divenne discontinuo, fu spesso rimpiazzata dalla simile lettera z, diventando quindi Zetland (Zetlandia), forma errata usata per descrivere il consiglio di contea prima del 1975. Queste isole sono l'avamposto settentrionale dell'orogenesi caledoniana e vi sono affioramenti di rocce metamorfiche Lewisiane, Daldariane e di Moine, con storie simili alle loro equivalenti della terraferma scozzese. "The ancient geography of Scotland" in Smith and Banks (2002) pp. The name of Shetland is possibly derived from the Old Norse words, hjalt ('hilt'), and land ('land'), although it is also likely the first syllable is derived from a Celtic tribal name. “La lana Shetland, considerando tutte le sue caratteristiche, è probabilmente il tessuto più completo dell’universo. Native trees such as rowan and crab apple are only found in a few isolated places such as cliffs and loch islands. La compagnia low-cost Loganair opera, per conto di Flybe, circa dieci voli giornalieri per Kirkwall, Aberdeen, Inverness, Glasgow ed Edimburgo.[25]. Intorno al VII secolo vi giunsero dei missionari che iniziarono a convertire la popolazione al Cristianesimo. As her mother was interested in pursuing a professional career, a nanny, Alexandra Bychokova, was hired to look after Alliluyeva and her older brother Vasily (born 1921). [Note 5] "Shetland knives" are stone tools that date from this period made from felsite from Northmavine. Wolle im engeren Sinne ist ein besonderer Haartyp (Vliestyp – die in einem flachen Stück zusammenhängende Wolle nach der Schur) bei Hausschafen, der in einem langen Prozess züchterischer Veränderungen aus dem Haarkleid der Wildschafe entstanden ist. “La lana Shetland, considerando tutte le sue caratteristiche, è probabilmente il tessuto più completo dell’universo. "Radio Shetland", la sezione locale distaccata di "BBC Radio Scotland", e SIBC, una stazione radio commerciale, trasmettono quotidianamente. Parecchie barche da pesca andarono perdute nelle prime operazioni, ma dopo l'arrivo dei tre sottomarini, veloci e adeguatamente armati, non ci furono più perdite durante i viaggi. Aspetto. [7], Le isole disabitate comprendono Mousa, conosciuta per il broch di Mousa, l'esempio meglio conservato in Scozia delle torri rotonde dell'età del ferro, St Ninian's Isle,connessa a Mainland tramite il più grande tombolo del Regno Unito e Out Stack, il punto più a nord delle isole britanniche. [2], Lerwick, the capital and largest settlement, has a population of 6,958 and about half of the archipelago's total population of 22,920 people[3] live within 16 km (9.9 mi) of the town. [87] Taxes from the oil have increased public sector spending on social welfare, art, sport, environmental measures and financial development. Le altre isole abitate sono Foula, a 28 km ad ovest di Walls, Fair Isle a 38 km a sud-ovest di Sumburgh Head e le Outer Skerries ad est. [95] The PURE project in Unst is a research centre which uses a combination of wind power and fuel cells to create a wind hydrogen system. Il carattere generale del clima è ventoso e nuvoloso con almeno 2 mm di pioggia al giorno in oltre 250 giorni l'anno. [107], Transport between islands is primarily by ferry, and Shetland Islands Council operates various inter-island services. The Forty Fiddlers was formed in the 1950s to promote the traditional fiddle style, which is a vibrant part of local culture today. Other local breeds include the Shetland sheep, cow, goose, and duck.
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